PAVC5 L1-5

peace year after year (blessing)

rise higher year after year (promotion, success)

as for; regarding

strong; firm; resilient

hope; look forward to

Greece

Athens

for example; 例如...等等

literal: surge up to the heart; figurative: emotions well up

only after much difficulty; with great effort; 歷經...（的）...，好不容易才...

together with; along with; 把...連同...

to be equivalent to; ...與...相當

comprehensive; combined

athlete; contestant

medal

B.C.; before the Common Era

ceremony

friendship; fraternity

hatred; enmity

suspend; stop holding (an event)

century

contribution; dedicate

from then on; ever since

official flag (of an organization)

nationality

each other; one another

athlete; sportsman

process

breakthrough; overcome

literal: the whole world as one; figurative: universal harmony

literal: aim is to participate, not to win prizes; figurative: focus on participation, not victory

fair competition

sportsmanship

after going through (some process/effort); 經過一番...，終於...

lifelong; entire life

formal; regular; standard

old age; advanced age

promote; improve; upgrade

contact; exposure

get along; interact

upbringing; manners

profound; far-reaching

moving; touching

positive; front side

event; incident

depend on; reliance

theory

lose (one’s way; direction; sense)

teach; instruct

think; reflect

achievement; accomplishment

absorb; take in

enrich; fulfilling

admire; respect

realize; achieve

every word and action

homeless

live and learn; lifelong learning

lifelong learning

social education; learning from society

often; frequently

stage; phase; step

advocate; promote

continuously; unceasingly

emphasize; stress

role model; example

source; origin

soul; spirit; inner being

phenomenon; appearance

form; take shape

meaning; significance

negative; downside

teaching material; learning resource

practical; reality; actual

changeable; variable

cultivate; foster; nurture

only; sole

complete; accomplish

new knowledge

video; video call

maintain; keep

value; worth

all kinds of; diverse

violence; fighting and killing

skillful; with ease; handy

family education; upbringing at home

so-called; 所謂（的）...，是指...

thus it can be seen; this shows that

just; only; 只不過...而已

every; any; 凡是...都...

establish; found

classifier for events/meetings/sessions

unite; solidarity

race; ethnicity

think; believe (often mistakenly); ...以爲...，其實...

no need; ...不用...，只要...就...（了）

however; yet; but; （雖然）...，然而...

promote; enhance

achieve; reach

victory

surpass; transcend

growth; develop

harmony; concord

Olympics

Olympia

literal: rub fists and palms; figurative: eager to get into action

literal: the world as one family; figurative: global unity

literal: make a desperate fight; figurative: give it your all; go all out

the five rings (Olympic symbol)

all; without exception; 無不...

to cause; to make; to use

yearn for; look forward to

scenery; glorious

historic site; monument

journey; trip

tight (schedule); compact

musical performance; play (an instrument)

melody; tune

not in the mood; unintentionally

inner heart; innermost feelings

speculate; infer

alone; by oneself

annoyed; upset; regretful

surge; gush

reapply; reissue (documents)

peak season; busy season

scenic spot; famous attraction

be separated; lose contact

bitterness; hardship

share

finance; financial affairs

photocopy

literal: without experiencing something, you gain no wisdom; figurative: you grow wiser through experience

literal: fly away without wings; figurative: vanish mysteriously; disappear

literal: wasted effort with no result; figurative: futile; fruitless

literal: come in high spirits, return disappointed; figurative: expectations not met

raise vigilance; be more alert

wait till; once; by the time that; 等到...（之後），...; （如果）等到...，就...了

after that; then again; 先...，接着（再）...，然後...

just let it go; forget it; ...就算了，何必（還）...

abbreviation; short name

pay attention to; focus on

win; seize; capture (a prize/medal)

glory; honor

gather; assemble

competition; contest

eliminate; remove

spread; pass down

organization; organize

report; news coverage

famous; well-known

deposit; savings

official version; genuine copy

expose; show

facial expression

request; demand

endure; patience

slow; sluggish

efficiency

use force; exert effort

angry; indignant

warranty; guarantee certificate

greedy; covet

at first; originally

guilty; remorseful

counterfeit goods; fake product

pile; stack; heap

alley entrance

to win a drawing or lottery

just right; exactly

interest; mood

shop around before buying to avoid losses

learn from each mistake; "once bitten, twice shy"

pirated version

not only; 不光是...，...也是...

no need; why bother

let alone; much less; ...，何況...

residential area

express delivery; courier

zipper

stuck; card (bank card, ID card)

sarcasm; ironic

stamp; seal

embarrassing; awkward

continuous; consecutive

swear; vow

flaw; defect

big principle; moralizing talk

supplies; articles

apologize; make amends

doubt; confusion

difference; distinction

official receipt (Taiwan)

suburbs; outskirts

go on a trip; outing

lose big because of small gain

be greedy for small gains; penny-wise

more loss than gain; not worth it

joy; happiness

custom; tradition

first lunar month

continue; persist

lunar calendar

worship; pay respects

safe; peaceful

buy New Year goods

Spring Festival couplets (red scrolls with phrases)

happiness; well-being

New Year money (red envelope for children)

ingot-shaped gold or silver; symbol of wealth

hide; avoid

period; duration

learning; knowledge

radish; homophone for "good luck" in Taiwanese context

climax; peak

lantern riddle

attract; draw

solar calendar; Gregorian calendar

Kitchen God (domestic deity in Chinese tradition)

New Year’s Day (Jan 1, solar calendar)

every household

one after another; in succession

no matter what; in any case

streets and alleys; everywhere

may wealth flow in abundantly (New Year greeting)

indispensable; essential

dumplings

may you have abundance every year

to be called; to be known as

12th lunar month

full of; brimming with

offer sacrifices (to gods/ancestors); worship

lunar calendar (used in farming/tradition)

legend; folklore

thorough cleaning; house cleaning before New Year

active; proactive

reunion; family gathering

New Year’s greetings

midnight

monster; beast

stay up on New Year’s Eve

auspicious; lucky

New Year rice cake

symbol; signify

festive lantern

glutinous rice ball; symbol of reunion

tourists; sightseers

Lantern Festival (15th day of first lunar month)

Jade Emperor (supreme deity in Daoism)

Taipei Lantern Festival

famous scenic spot; place of interest

listen attentively

wonderful; delightful

suddenly; abrupt

go through; experience

suffering; torment

search; look for

suddenly; at once

helpless

report (a case) to the police

consulate

along the way; throughout the journey

uneasy; restless

reunion

precious; valuable

urge repeatedly; remind carefully

close-fitting; personal

alertness; vigilance

literal: as if drunk or entranced; figurative: deeply fascinated; spellbound

literal: a bolt from the blue; figurative: sudden and shocking event

literal: form a very long queue; figurative: long lines; crowded